Sexual Exploitation • Domestic Servitude • Forced Marriages • Child Soldiers • Organ Harvesting • Forced Criminality • Forced Labor • Debt Bondage
What is Human Trafficking?
Human trafficking involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act. Every year, millions of men, women, and children are trafficked worldwide – including right here in the United States. It can happen in any community and victims can be of any age, race, gender, or nationality. Traffickers might use violence, manipulation, or false promises of well-paying jobs or romantic relationships to lure victims into trafficking situations.
What keeps victims from seeking help and making this issue a hidden crime?
Traffickers use force, fraud, or coercion to lure their victims and force them into labor or commercial sexual exploitation. They look for people who are susceptible for a variety of reasons, including psychological or emotional vulnerability, economic hardship, lack of a social safety net, natural disasters, or political instability. The trauma caused by the traffickers can be so great that many may not identify themselves as victims or ask for help, even in highly public settings.
There are a number of signs that are common across all types of exploitation. Including, if a person:
Human Trafficking by
Human Trafficking: A Treatment Guide for Mental Health Professionals is the first book on human trafficking and mental health. The editors have marshalled their considerable experience developing resources and interventional programs for this patient population, as well as expertise in research and scholarly writing, to create a unique--and uniquely useful--guide for clinicians likely to encounter trafficked patients. Foundational to the effort is recognizing that their numbers are legion, and growing, and that their safety and well-being depends on the ability of clinicians to screen, assess, and identify them in a system that often constructs barriers to care. Epidemiological data is provided to help clinicians understand the factors that contribute to being trafficked, the associated consequences, and the role of health professionals in combatting it. Screening processes are discussed, and potential barriers, both organizational and provider-based, to the identification of trafficked persons are explored. The next section addresses sensitive, trauma-informed, and integrated patient management in different settings, including emergency departments, primary care, and substance abuse facilities, since both medical and substance abuse comorbidities are common in trafficked patients. The trauma-informed concepts of asking, respecting, and responding are vital components to the survivor-centered care emphasized by the authors, and psychotherapeutic considerations and cultural aspects in the assessment and treatment of these patients--topics that have been neglected heretofore--are discussed in-depth. Finally, advocacy, confidentiality, and reporting requirements for adult and child patients are addressed, providing a much-needed legal and ethical framework. The chapters have clearly outlined objectives that are achieved through a number of useful features: * Each chapter includes clinical cases that encapsulate the trauma and horror of the real-life fallout from human trafficking. These vignettes deftly illustrate and contextualize the chapter's topic, such as managing co-occurring substance use disorders or identifying the trafficked person who presents in the emergency department.* Chapters are equipped with "pearls and pointers" that summarize key points and highlight the most important take-aways.* Contributors make ample use of visual aids, such as tables and figures, that enhance understanding and consolidate information into readily accessible formats.* Ten vivid, real-life case scenarios are offered in the final chapter, providing the clinicians with insights into trafficked persons' health care interactions, questions to increase sensitivity and help identify these patients, and counsel on managing their care with empathy and patience. Often shocking, frequently poignant, and always useful, Human Trafficking: A Treatment Guide for Mental Health Professionals teaches clinicians to look at their patients with fresh, informed, and compassionate eyes.
The SAGE Handbook of Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery by
The SAGE Handbook of Human Trafficking and Modern-Day Slavery provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary and global look at the diverse issues surrounding human trafficking and slavery in the post-1945 environment.
A Transnational Human Rights Approach to Human Trafficking by
In A Transnational Human Rights Approach to Human Trafficking: Empowering the Powerless, Yoon Jin Shin proposes an innovative approach to empower individuals victimized by human trafficking, one of the most serious human rights challenges in today's world of globalization and migration. Based on thorough empirical research and extensive comparative studies, Shin illuminates complex realities of migrant individuals experiencing trafficking situations and the problems of the current anti-trafficking regime driven by destination countries' self-interest in crime and border control. Shin suggests an alternative transnational human rights framework, in which victimized migrants, who have been treated as passive targets of victim-witness protection or immigration regulation, finally attain their true voices as empowered rights-holders and effectively exercise their human, civil, and labor rights. Shin received the 2014-2015 Ambrose Gherini Prize, the highest prize awarded in the field of International Law by Yale Law School, for her doctoral dissertation on which this book is based.
Criminal Justice Issues in the United States by
The CRS Reports that comprise this book examines criminal justice issues we are currently facing in the United States. The first chapter examines mental incompetency and firearms ineligibility, and amendments to acts such as the Restoring Americans Healthcare Freedom Reconciliation Act, which were initiated after the mass shootings in San Bernardino in December 2015 and in Orlando in June 2016. The next report examines how domestic terrorism, hate crime and homegrown violent extremism relate (and differ) from one another and current trends. Additional reports include an overview on human trafficking trends, background, federal programs and issues for Congress on missing adults (age 18 and older). The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) reported that as of December 31, 2016, approximately 54,000 cases were pending. Finally, as a general rule, federal judges must impose a minimum term of imprisonment upon defendants convicted of various controlled substance (drug) offenses and drug-related offenses. The severity of those sentences depends primarily upon the nature and amount of drugs involved, the defendants prior criminal record, any resulting injuries or death, and in the case of the related firearms offenses, the manner in which the firearm was used. This last chapter revisits the mandatory minimum sentencing of federal drug offenses and offenders in the United States.
